Thirteen countries forged an alliance on Wednesday to adopt a levy on plane tickets to help poor countries fight AIDS and other killer diseases, despite resistance from airlines.
A further 25 countries opted not to impose the tax but promised to contribute to a central pot which the core group of 13 will create from the levy to fund the purchase of generic drugs and other medicines to help the poor.
"We are creating something that is completely new and revolutionary," French Foreign Minister Philippe Douste-Blazy told reporters at the end of a two-day conference in Paris on finding new ways to fund development.
"This is a decisive step for aid and development... There are six million people on the planet who need urgent treatment against AIDS and don't get any medicine."
Brazil, Britain, Chile, Congo, Cyprus, France, Ivory Coast, Jordan, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mauritius, Nicaragua, and Norway have now agreed to raise or started raising a sum from air tickets to help the poor, they said in a closing statement.
The 25 others included countries such as Germany, Belgium, Austria, South Africa, South Korea and Mexico.
The alliance builds on a proposal by President Jacques Chirac to impose a levy of one euro (USD$1.20) on plane tickets to help spread the benefits of globalization to people living on less than a euro a day, a level of poverty that prevents the hardest hit by malaria, AIDS and tuberculosis from receiving treatment.
Britain and France have also announced a joint study on funding education and health through the airline ticket levy, a decision welcomed by some aid groups.
Already concerned about high fuel costs, airlines are wary of the idea, which faces opposition from the United States and European Union tourist destinations such as Italy and Greece.
The International Air Transport Association (IATA) urged governments this week to reject the proposal.
"Airlines make a massive contribution to development by bringing tourists to destinations and transporting goods to markets. Making air transport more expensive is akin to biting the very hand that feeds development," said Giovanni Bisignani, the head of IATA.
From July 1, a French law will levy one euro on domestic and European flights and 4 euros on long-haul flights. Business and first class travelers will be charged an extra 10 euros, rising to 40 euros on international flights.
France expects to raise EUR200 million (USD$238.3 million) in a full year from the levy. Other countries will decide individually what charges to apply.
French officials said the drug purchase facility would provide stable, long-term funding for anti-retroviral drugs used to fight the HIV virus.
They hope it will eventually encourage pharmaceutical firms and makers of generic drugs to increase production, stimulate competition and so lower prices.
UN estimates say about USD$200 billion a year will be needed in official development aid by 2015 to meet the so-called Millennium Development Goals of halving world poverty.
(Reuters)